Formulation and evaluation of mucoadhesive buccal films of antihypertensive drugs.

Received: 21-Jan-2023, Manuscript No. AJPTI-23-92298; Editor assigned: 26-Jan-2023, Pre QC No. AJPTI-23-92298; Reviewed: 16-Feb-2023, QC No. AJPTI-23-92298; Revised: 23-Feb-2023, Manuscript No. AJPTI-23-92298; Published: 28-Feb-2023

Description

Hypertension is a chronic medical condition characterized by elevated blood pressure levels, which can increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other health problems. One approach to treating hypertension is the use of antihypertensive drugs, which can help lower blood pressure levels. However, traditional oral delivery of these drugs can lead to poor absorption and bioavailability, as well as a range of side effects. In this essay, we will discuss the formulation and evaluation of mucoadhesive buccal films of antihypertensive drugs, which offer an alternative route of drug administration that may improve treatment outcomes.

Mucoadhesive buccal films are thin, flexible films that adhere to the mucosal surfaces of the oral cavity and release drugs over a prolonged period of time. By delivering drugs directly to the buccal mucosa, these films can bypass the gastrointestinal tract and liver, potentially improving drug absorption and bioavailability. In addition, mucoadhesive buccal films can provide a more controlled release of drugs, reducing the risk of side effects associated with traditional oral delivery.

The formulation of mucoadhesive buccal films of antihypertensive drugs typically involves the use of polymers, plasticizers, and other excipients to optimize the physical properties of the films. Polymers such as Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) and Sodium Carboxy Methylcellulose (NaCMC) are commonly used due to their mucoadhesive properties, while plasticizers such as glycerin and propylene glycol are used to improve film flexibility and elasticity. Other excipients such as surfactants and preservatives may also be added to improve film stability and shelf life.

Once formulated, mucoadhesive buccal films must be evaluated for their physical and mechanical properties, drug release characteristics, and mucoadhesive properties. Physical and mechanical properties such as film thickness, weight, and tensile strength are important for ensuring consistent and reliable drug delivery. Drug release characteristics such as drug content and release rate must also be evaluated to ensure that the film’s release drugs at the desired rate and in the desired amount. Finally, mucoadhesive properties such as adhesion strength and residence time must be evaluated to ensure that the films adhere to the buccal mucosa and release drugs over a prolonged period of time. The first step is to select one or more antihypertensive drugs that are suitable for delivery via the buccal route. The drug should have good solubility and permeability through the buccal mucosa. Mucoadhesive polymers are used to increase the retention time of the film on the buccal mucosa, thereby increasing drug absorption. Commonly used mucoadhesive polymers include carbomers, chitosan, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC), and sodium alginate. The mucoadhesive polymer is dissolved in a suitable solvent, such as water or a mixture of water and ethanol. The antihypertensive drug is then added to the solution and mixed well. Permeation enhancers, such as Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) or Glyceryl Monooleate (GMO), may be added to the film-forming solution to increase drug absorption through the buccal mucosa. The film-forming solution is poured onto a flat surface and allowed to dry to form a thin film. The thickness of the film can be controlled by adjusting the volume of the solution and the size of the casting surface. The dried film is cut into the desired size and shape and packaged in a suitable container, such as a blister pack or sachet. The formulation of mucoadhesive buccal films of antihypertensive drugs can be optimized by varying the concentration of the polymer, drug, and permeation enhancers, as well as the solvent composition and drying conditions. The films should be tested for physical and chemical stability, drug content, mucoadhesive strength, in vitro drug release, and in vivo drug absorption.

The formulation and evaluation of mucoadhesive buccal films of antihypertensive drugs have shown promising results in terms of improving drug delivery and patient compliance. The use of mucoadhesive polymers and permeation enhancers has shown to increase the bioavailability of antihypertensive drugs by enhancing their absorption through the buccal mucosa. Additionally, the buccal route of drug administration has advantages over other routes, such as avoiding first-pass metabolism, providing a rapid onset of action, and improving patient convenience. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of these buccal films in human subjects. Overall, the development of mucoadhesive buccal films of antihypertensive drugs holds great potential for improving the treatment of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases.

Citation: Schmitt S. Formulation and evaluation of mucoadhesive buccal films of antihypertensive drugs. AJPTI 2023;11(40):1-2.